Optimal. Leaf size=366 \[ \frac {x \sqrt {d+e x^2}}{2 c e}+\frac {\left (b^2-a c-\frac {b \left (b^2-3 a c\right )}{\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}}\right ) \tan ^{-1}\left (\frac {\sqrt {2 c d-\left (b-\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}\right ) e} x}{\sqrt {b-\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}} \sqrt {d+e x^2}}\right )}{c^2 \sqrt {b-\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}} \sqrt {2 c d-\left (b-\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}\right ) e}}+\frac {\left (b^2-a c+\frac {b \left (b^2-3 a c\right )}{\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}}\right ) \tan ^{-1}\left (\frac {\sqrt {2 c d-\left (b+\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}\right ) e} x}{\sqrt {b+\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}} \sqrt {d+e x^2}}\right )}{c^2 \sqrt {b+\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}} \sqrt {2 c d-\left (b+\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}\right ) e}}-\frac {d \tanh ^{-1}\left (\frac {\sqrt {e} x}{\sqrt {d+e x^2}}\right )}{2 c e^{3/2}}-\frac {b \tanh ^{-1}\left (\frac {\sqrt {e} x}{\sqrt {d+e x^2}}\right )}{c^2 \sqrt {e}} \]
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Rubi [A]
time = 0.82, antiderivative size = 366, normalized size of antiderivative = 1.00, number of steps
used = 13, number of rules used = 7, integrand size = 29, \(\frac {\text {number of rules}}{\text {integrand size}}\) = 0.241, Rules used = {1317, 223,
212, 327, 1706, 385, 211} \begin {gather*} \frac {\left (-\frac {b \left (b^2-3 a c\right )}{\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}}-a c+b^2\right ) \text {ArcTan}\left (\frac {x \sqrt {2 c d-e \left (b-\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}\right )}}{\sqrt {b-\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}} \sqrt {d+e x^2}}\right )}{c^2 \sqrt {b-\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}} \sqrt {2 c d-e \left (b-\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}\right )}}+\frac {\left (\frac {b \left (b^2-3 a c\right )}{\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}}-a c+b^2\right ) \text {ArcTan}\left (\frac {x \sqrt {2 c d-e \left (\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}+b\right )}}{\sqrt {\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}+b} \sqrt {d+e x^2}}\right )}{c^2 \sqrt {\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}+b} \sqrt {2 c d-e \left (\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}+b\right )}}-\frac {b \tanh ^{-1}\left (\frac {\sqrt {e} x}{\sqrt {d+e x^2}}\right )}{c^2 \sqrt {e}}-\frac {d \tanh ^{-1}\left (\frac {\sqrt {e} x}{\sqrt {d+e x^2}}\right )}{2 c e^{3/2}}+\frac {x \sqrt {d+e x^2}}{2 c e} \end {gather*}
Antiderivative was successfully verified.
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Rule 211
Rule 212
Rule 223
Rule 327
Rule 385
Rule 1317
Rule 1706
Rubi steps
\begin {align*} \int \frac {x^6}{\sqrt {d+e x^2} \left (a+b x^2+c x^4\right )} \, dx &=\int \left (-\frac {b}{c^2 \sqrt {d+e x^2}}+\frac {x^2}{c \sqrt {d+e x^2}}+\frac {a b+\left (b^2-a c\right ) x^2}{c^2 \sqrt {d+e x^2} \left (a+b x^2+c x^4\right )}\right ) \, dx\\ &=\frac {\int \frac {a b+\left (b^2-a c\right ) x^2}{\sqrt {d+e x^2} \left (a+b x^2+c x^4\right )} \, dx}{c^2}-\frac {b \int \frac {1}{\sqrt {d+e x^2}} \, dx}{c^2}+\frac {\int \frac {x^2}{\sqrt {d+e x^2}} \, dx}{c}\\ &=\frac {x \sqrt {d+e x^2}}{2 c e}+\frac {\int \left (\frac {b^2-a c+\frac {b \left (-b^2+3 a c\right )}{\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}}}{\left (b-\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}+2 c x^2\right ) \sqrt {d+e x^2}}+\frac {b^2-a c-\frac {b \left (-b^2+3 a c\right )}{\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}}}{\left (b+\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}+2 c x^2\right ) \sqrt {d+e x^2}}\right ) \, dx}{c^2}-\frac {b \text {Subst}\left (\int \frac {1}{1-e x^2} \, dx,x,\frac {x}{\sqrt {d+e x^2}}\right )}{c^2}-\frac {d \int \frac {1}{\sqrt {d+e x^2}} \, dx}{2 c e}\\ &=\frac {x \sqrt {d+e x^2}}{2 c e}-\frac {b \tanh ^{-1}\left (\frac {\sqrt {e} x}{\sqrt {d+e x^2}}\right )}{c^2 \sqrt {e}}+\frac {\left (b^2-a c-\frac {b \left (b^2-3 a c\right )}{\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}}\right ) \int \frac {1}{\left (b-\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}+2 c x^2\right ) \sqrt {d+e x^2}} \, dx}{c^2}+\frac {\left (b^2-a c+\frac {b \left (b^2-3 a c\right )}{\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}}\right ) \int \frac {1}{\left (b+\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}+2 c x^2\right ) \sqrt {d+e x^2}} \, dx}{c^2}-\frac {d \text {Subst}\left (\int \frac {1}{1-e x^2} \, dx,x,\frac {x}{\sqrt {d+e x^2}}\right )}{2 c e}\\ &=\frac {x \sqrt {d+e x^2}}{2 c e}-\frac {d \tanh ^{-1}\left (\frac {\sqrt {e} x}{\sqrt {d+e x^2}}\right )}{2 c e^{3/2}}-\frac {b \tanh ^{-1}\left (\frac {\sqrt {e} x}{\sqrt {d+e x^2}}\right )}{c^2 \sqrt {e}}+\frac {\left (b^2-a c-\frac {b \left (b^2-3 a c\right )}{\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}}\right ) \text {Subst}\left (\int \frac {1}{b-\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}-\left (-2 c d+\left (b-\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}\right ) e\right ) x^2} \, dx,x,\frac {x}{\sqrt {d+e x^2}}\right )}{c^2}+\frac {\left (b^2-a c+\frac {b \left (b^2-3 a c\right )}{\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}}\right ) \text {Subst}\left (\int \frac {1}{b+\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}-\left (-2 c d+\left (b+\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}\right ) e\right ) x^2} \, dx,x,\frac {x}{\sqrt {d+e x^2}}\right )}{c^2}\\ &=\frac {x \sqrt {d+e x^2}}{2 c e}+\frac {\left (b^2-a c-\frac {b \left (b^2-3 a c\right )}{\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}}\right ) \tan ^{-1}\left (\frac {\sqrt {2 c d-\left (b-\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}\right ) e} x}{\sqrt {b-\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}} \sqrt {d+e x^2}}\right )}{c^2 \sqrt {b-\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}} \sqrt {2 c d-\left (b-\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}\right ) e}}+\frac {\left (b^2-a c+\frac {b \left (b^2-3 a c\right )}{\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}}\right ) \tan ^{-1}\left (\frac {\sqrt {2 c d-\left (b+\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}\right ) e} x}{\sqrt {b+\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}} \sqrt {d+e x^2}}\right )}{c^2 \sqrt {b+\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}} \sqrt {2 c d-\left (b+\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}\right ) e}}-\frac {d \tanh ^{-1}\left (\frac {\sqrt {e} x}{\sqrt {d+e x^2}}\right )}{2 c e^{3/2}}-\frac {b \tanh ^{-1}\left (\frac {\sqrt {e} x}{\sqrt {d+e x^2}}\right )}{c^2 \sqrt {e}}\\ \end {align*}
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Mathematica [A]
time = 10.73, size = 355, normalized size = 0.97 \begin {gather*} \frac {\frac {c x \sqrt {d+e x^2}}{e}+\frac {2 \left (b^2-a c-\frac {b \left (b^2-3 a c\right )}{\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}}\right ) \tan ^{-1}\left (\frac {\sqrt {2 c d-b e+\sqrt {b^2-4 a c} e} x}{\sqrt {b-\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}} \sqrt {d+e x^2}}\right )}{\sqrt {b-\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}} \sqrt {2 c d+\left (-b+\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}\right ) e}}+\frac {2 \left (b^2-a c+\frac {b \left (b^2-3 a c\right )}{\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}}\right ) \tan ^{-1}\left (\frac {\sqrt {2 c d-\left (b+\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}\right ) e} x}{\sqrt {b+\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}} \sqrt {d+e x^2}}\right )}{\sqrt {b+\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}} \sqrt {2 c d-\left (b+\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}\right ) e}}-\frac {c d \tanh ^{-1}\left (\frac {\sqrt {e} x}{\sqrt {d+e x^2}}\right )}{e^{3/2}}-\frac {2 b \tanh ^{-1}\left (\frac {\sqrt {e} x}{\sqrt {d+e x^2}}\right )}{\sqrt {e}}}{2 c^2} \end {gather*}
Antiderivative was successfully verified.
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Maple [C] Result contains higher order function than in optimal. Order 9 vs. order
3.
time = 0.16, size = 267, normalized size = 0.73
method | result | size |
default | \(\frac {\frac {x \sqrt {e \,x^{2}+d}}{2 e}-\frac {d \ln \left (\sqrt {e}\, x +\sqrt {e \,x^{2}+d}\right )}{2 e^{\frac {3}{2}}}}{c}-\frac {b \ln \left (\sqrt {e}\, x +\sqrt {e \,x^{2}+d}\right )}{c^{2} \sqrt {e}}-\frac {\sqrt {e}\, \left (\munderset {\textit {\_R} =\RootOf \left (c \,\textit {\_Z}^{4}+\left (4 e b -4 c d \right ) \textit {\_Z}^{3}+\left (16 a \,e^{2}-8 d e b +6 c \,d^{2}\right ) \textit {\_Z}^{2}+\left (4 d^{2} e b -4 c \,d^{3}\right ) \textit {\_Z} +d^{4} c \right )}{\sum }\frac {\left (\left (-a c +b^{2}\right ) \textit {\_R}^{2}+2 \left (2 a b e +a c d -b^{2} d \right ) \textit {\_R} -a c \,d^{2}+b^{2} d^{2}\right ) \ln \left (\left (\sqrt {e \,x^{2}+d}-\sqrt {e}\, x \right )^{2}-\textit {\_R} \right )}{c \,\textit {\_R}^{3}+3 \textit {\_R}^{2} b e -3 \textit {\_R}^{2} c d +8 \textit {\_R} a \,e^{2}-4 \textit {\_R} b d e +3 c \,d^{2} \textit {\_R} +d^{2} e b -c \,d^{3}}\right )}{2 c^{2}}\) | \(267\) |
risch | \(\frac {x \sqrt {e \,x^{2}+d}}{2 c e}-\frac {b \ln \left (\sqrt {e}\, x +\sqrt {e \,x^{2}+d}\right )}{c^{2} \sqrt {e}}-\frac {\ln \left (\sqrt {e}\, x +\sqrt {e \,x^{2}+d}\right ) d}{2 c \,e^{\frac {3}{2}}}+\frac {\sqrt {e}\, \left (\munderset {\textit {\_R} =\RootOf \left (c \,\textit {\_Z}^{4}+\left (4 e b -4 c d \right ) \textit {\_Z}^{3}+\left (16 a \,e^{2}-8 d e b +6 c \,d^{2}\right ) \textit {\_Z}^{2}+\left (4 d^{2} e b -4 c \,d^{3}\right ) \textit {\_Z} +d^{4} c \right )}{\sum }\frac {\left (\left (a c -b^{2}\right ) \textit {\_R}^{2}+2 \left (-2 a b e -a c d +b^{2} d \right ) \textit {\_R} +a c \,d^{2}-b^{2} d^{2}\right ) \ln \left (\left (\sqrt {e \,x^{2}+d}-\sqrt {e}\, x \right )^{2}-\textit {\_R} \right )}{c \,\textit {\_R}^{3}+3 \textit {\_R}^{2} b e -3 \textit {\_R}^{2} c d +8 \textit {\_R} a \,e^{2}-4 \textit {\_R} b d e +3 c \,d^{2} \textit {\_R} +d^{2} e b -c \,d^{3}}\right )}{2 c^{2}}\) | \(269\) |
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
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Maxima [F]
time = 0.00, size = 0, normalized size = 0.00 \begin {gather*} \text {Failed to integrate} \end {gather*}
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
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Fricas [B] Leaf count of result is larger than twice the leaf count of optimal. 7362 vs.
\(2 (312) = 624\).
time = 55.00, size = 7362, normalized size = 20.11 \begin {gather*} \text {Too large to display} \end {gather*}
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
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Sympy [F]
time = 0.00, size = 0, normalized size = 0.00 \begin {gather*} \int \frac {x^{6}}{\sqrt {d + e x^{2}} \left (a + b x^{2} + c x^{4}\right )}\, dx \end {gather*}
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
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Giac [A]
time = 6.63, size = 55, normalized size = 0.15 \begin {gather*} \frac {\sqrt {x^{2} e + d} x e^{\left (-1\right )}}{2 \, c} + \frac {{\left (c d + 2 \, b e\right )} e^{\left (-\frac {3}{2}\right )} \log \left ({\left (x e^{\frac {1}{2}} - \sqrt {x^{2} e + d}\right )}^{2}\right )}{4 \, c^{2}} \end {gather*}
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
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Mupad [F]
time = 0.00, size = -1, normalized size = -0.00 \begin {gather*} \int \frac {x^6}{\sqrt {e\,x^2+d}\,\left (c\,x^4+b\,x^2+a\right )} \,d x \end {gather*}
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
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